MS-DOS means micro soft disk operating system.
In dos you have two commands. They are:
Internal commands
External commands
To open the dos window(click on start(click on run(select click or type command(then click on ok.
To increase the dos screen press alt+ enter.
It will maximize the dos screen.
The window will appear as:
Now, it will display as:
C:\>DOCUME~1>GEENI001>
1. To delete directory and sub directory
C:\>DOCUME~1>GEENI001> cd.. press enter (
C:\>DOCUME~1>cd.. (
C:\>
2.To delete both directory and sub-directory
C:\>DOCUME~1>GEENI001>cd\ (
C:\>
3. Date:
It will display the systems date. (mm-dd-yy)
C:\>date (
4. Time:
It will display the systems time.
C:\>time (
5. Version:
It will display the systems version.
C:\>ver (
6.Volume:
It will display the systems volume.
C:\>vol (
7. Label:
This label is used to change the volume name.
C:\>label_ volume name (Ex: geeni) (
To see the changed volume name :C:\>vol (
8. Cls:
To clear the screen.
C:\>cls (
9. Exit:
To close the dos window.
C:\>exit (
1. To create a file:
C:\>copy con filename (Ex: abc) (
********** (any matter)
**********
2.To save a file:
press F6 or ctrl+z (
3.To the matter of the file:
C:\>type filename (
4.To copy the same matter into another file:
C:\>copy existing file name new filename (
5.To change the file name:
C:\>ren existing file name new file name (
6.To delete the file:
C:\>del filename (
7.To make changes to the matter of the file:
C:\>edit filename (
To see all the directories and files:
C:\>dir (
To see all directories and files in page wise
C:\>dir/p (
To see all directories and files in width wise
C:\>dir/w (
To see all directories and files in ascending order
C:\>dir/on (
To see all directories and files in descending order
C:\>dir/o-n (
To see only directories
C:\>dir/ad (
To see only files
C:\>dir/a-d (
To hide the directory
C:\>attrib +h directory name (
C:\>dir (
To unhide the directory
C:\>attrib –h directory name (
C:\>dir (
To create a directory and sub directory:
MD(Make Directory
CD(Create Directory
Ex: c:\>md college (
C:\>cd college (
C:\college>md cec (
C:\college>cd cec (
C:\college\cec>copy con lecturers (
…………………………….
…………………………….. any matter
……………………………..
Save the file press ctrl + z or F6 (
To change the sub directory
C:\college\cec>cd.. (
C:\college>md mpc (
C:\college>cd mpc (
C:\college\mpc>copy con lecturers (
………………………………
………………………………any matter
………………………………
Save the file press Ctrl + Z or F6 (
To delete both the directory and sub-directory
C:\>college\mpc>cd\ (
To get back again the directory and sub-directory
C:\>cd college (
C:\college>cd cec (
C:\>college\cec>
BATCH FILES To create the batch files:
Batch files are group of commands. Batch file extension is .bat
Ex: c:\>copy con geeni.bat (
Date (
Time (
Ver (
Copy con mmm (
Type mmm (
Save the file press ctrl + z or F6
To run the batch files:
C:\>geeni.bat (
PROMPT
You can change the dos prompt
C:\>prompt $p (
C:\prompt $$ (
$prompt $l (
<prompt $q (
=prompt $g (
>prompt $d (
25/4/2011prompt $t (
3:00:20:50prompt $p$g (
C:\>
Window
Creating a folder:
Give a right click on desk top
Click on new
Click on folder
It will display with a default name as new folder
Click on delete and then give a folder name
Press enter to save the folder on desktop
NOTEPAD
Click on start(click on All programs(select Accessories and Sub select click on notepad(OK.
(or)
Click on start(click on run(select click and click or type notepad( OK.
Notepad extension is .txt
It window of notepad appears as:
File Menu:
New: To create a new file.
Open: To open already existing files.
Save: To save a file.
Save as: To save a file with another name or to save a file in another location.
Page setup: To set the margins of the page.
Print: To take out the print out.
Exit: To close the notepad.
ON THE FILE MENU
Q) How To create new document, open, or save a Notepad document?
Ans) You can create new document, open, and save Notepad documents by clicking the File menu, and then clicking New, Open, or Save.
Create a new document
Click on the File menu, Select click new. click ok, and then begin typing.
Open a document
Click on the File menu, Select click open. In Look in and Locate the document, click it, and then click open.
Save changes to a document
Click on the File menu, Select click Save and type give file name then click Save. To save the file with a new name, Click on the File menu, click Save As, type a different name in File name, and then click Save.
To print a Notepad document
On the File menu, click Print. On the General tab, select the printer and options you want, and then click Print.
Page Setup
On the File menu, click Page Setup.
In the Page Setup dialog box, do one of the following:
To change the paper size, click a size in the Size list.
To change the paper source, click a tray name or a feeder in the Source list.
To print the document vertically, click Portrait; to print the document horizontally, click Landscape.
To change the margins, type a width in any of the Margins boxes.
To change your printer settings, click Printer.
Edit Menu:
Undo: It will repeat the letter or word which you have deleted.
Cut: This option is used to cut the letter or words in the document.
Copy: This option is used to copy the letter or words in the document.
Paste: This option is used for copy and cut items.
Find: To find a particular letter or word in the document.
Replace: To replace the letter or word with another.
Go to: To go to a particular line.
Select all: This option is used to select the whole document.
Date/time: To inset the date and time in the document.
TO CUT, COPY, PASTE, OR DELETE TEXT
To cut text so you can move it to another location, select the text, and then on the Edit menu click Cut.
To copy text so you can paste it in another location, select the text, and then on the Edit menu click Copy.
To paste text you have cut or copied, place the cursor where you want to paste the text, and then on the Edit menu click Paste.
To delete text, select it, and then on the Edit menu click Delete.
To find specific characters or words
Click on the Edit menu, click Find.
In Find what, type the characters or words you want to find.
Click Find Next.
Notes
You can specify which direction to search starting from the insertion point in the document. In Direction, click Up to search from the insertion point to the top. Click Down to search from the insertion point to the bottom.
To find and replace specific characters or words
Click on the Edit menu, click Replace.
In Find what, type the characters or words you want to find.
In Replace with, type the replacement text.
To replace all instances of the text at once, click Replace All. Or, to replace one instance at a time, click Find Next, and then click Replace.
Format Menu:
Word wrap: If you select this option the scroll bar and status bar will not appear on the screen.
Font: You can select the font, font style and font size from selecting in the sample.
To wrap text to the window size
On the Format menu, click Word Wrap.
Notes
A check mark appears when word wrap is turned on.
Wrapping text enables you to see all the text on the line, but it doesn't affect the way text appears when it is printed.
To change the font style and size
On the Format menu, click Font.
Make your selections in Font, Font style, and Size.
Note:
An example of how your font will look appears in Sample.
To change the appearance of a printed Notepad document
View:
Status bar: If you select this option the status bar will appear on the screen.
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